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English

How to cite the R package lme4

lme4 is a popular R package that is available at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lme4/index.html. By citing R packages in your paper you lay the grounds for others to be able to reproduce your analysis and secondly you are acknowledging the time and work people have spent creating the package.

APA citation

Formatted according to the APA Publication Manual 7th edition. Simply copy it to the References page as is.

APA

The minimal requirement is to cite the R package in text along with the version number. Additionally, you can include the reference list entry the authors of the lme4 package have suggested.

Example of an in-text citation

Analysis of the data was done using the lme4 package (v1.1-26; Bates et al., 2015).

Reference list entry

Bates, D., Mächler, M., Bolker, B., & Walker, S. (2015). Fitting linear mixed-effects models Usinglme4. Journal of Statistical Software, 67(1). https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i01

Vancouver citation

Formatted according to Vancouver style. Simply copy it to the references section as is.

Vancouver

Example of an in-text citation

Analysis of the data was done using the lme4 package v1.1-26 (1).

Reference list entry

1.
Bates D, Mächler M, Bolker B, Walker S. Fitting linear mixed-effects models Usinglme4. J Stat Softw [Internet]. 2015;67(1). Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i01

BibTeX

Reference entry in BibTeX format. Simply copy it to your favorite citation manager.

BibTeX
@ARTICLE{Bates2015-ts,
  title     = "Fitting linear mixed-effects models Usinglme4",
  author    = "Bates, Douglas and M{\"a}chler, Martin and Bolker, Ben and
               Walker, Steve",
  journal   = "J. Stat. Softw.",
  publisher = "Foundation for Open Access Statistic",
  volume    =  67,
  number    =  1,
  year      =  2015,
  url       = "http://dx.doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i01",
  language  = "en",
  issn      = "1548-7660",
  doi       = "10.18637/jss.v067.i01"
}

RIS

Reference entry in RIS format. Simply copy it to your favorite citation manager.

RIS
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bates, Douglas
AU  - Mächler, Martin
AU  - Bolker, Ben
AU  - Walker, Steve
TI  - Fitting linear mixed-effects models Usinglme4
T2  - J. Stat. Softw.
VL  - 67
IS  - 1
PY  - 2015
DA  - 2015
PB  - Foundation for Open Access Statistic
SN  - 1548-7660
DO  - 10.18637/jss.v067.i01
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.18637/jss.v067.i01
ER  -

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lme4 R package release history

VersionRelease date
1.1-252020-10-23
1.1-232020-04-07
1.1-212019-03-05
1.1-202019-02-04
1.1-192018-11-10
1.1-18-12018-08-18
1.1-172018-04-03
1.1-162018-03-28
1.1-152017-12-21
1.1-142017-09-27
1.1-132017-04-19
1.1-122016-04-16
1.1-112016-02-12
1.1-102015-10-06
1.1-92015-08-20
1.1-82015-06-22
1.1-72014-07-19
1.1-62014-04-13
1.1-52014-03-14
1.0-62014-02-02
1.0-52013-10-25
1.0-42013-09-21
0.999999-22013-04-15
0.999999-02012-06-23
0.999375-422011-10-04
0.999375-412011-08-09
0.999375-402011-07-23
0.999375-392011-03-08
0.999375-382011-02-17
0.999375-372010-11-10
0.999375-362010-10-23
0.999375-352010-08-19
0.999375-342010-06-29
0.999375-332010-04-02
0.999375-322009-10-20
0.999375-312009-05-24
0.999375-302009-05-12
0.999375-282008-12-14
0.999375-272008-09-28
0.999375-262008-08-26
0.999375-252008-08-14
0.999375-242008-08-06
0.999375-232008-07-29
0.999375-222008-07-12
0.999375-212008-07-11
0.999375-192008-06-26
0.999375-202008-06-26
0.999375-182008-06-25
0.999375-162008-06-23
0.999375-172008-06-23
0.99875-92007-10-14
0.99875-82007-09-26
0.99875-72007-08-04
0.99875-52007-07-10
0.99875-62007-07-10
0.99875-42007-07-07
0.99875-22007-06-21
0.99875-12007-06-11
0.99875-02007-05-15
0.9975-132007-02-11
0.9975-122007-01-31
0.9975-112007-01-26
0.9975-102006-12-02
0.9975-92006-11-15
0.9975-82006-10-25
0.9975-72006-10-19
0.9975-62006-10-17
0.9975-52006-10-16
0.9975-42006-10-15
0.9975-32006-10-11
0.9975-12006-10-06
0.9975-02006-10-03
0.995-22006-01-20
0.995-12006-01-17
0.98-12005-07-28
0.96-12005-06-13
0.95-102005-05-31
0.95-92005-05-30
0.95-82005-05-20
0.95-72005-05-18
0.95-62005-04-19
0.95-52005-04-12
0.95-42005-04-07
0.95-32005-04-06
0.95-12005-04-02
0.9-22005-02-28
0.9-12005-02-25
0.8-32005-02-21
0.8-22005-01-25
0.6-122005-01-24
0.8-12005-01-24
0.6-112004-12-17
0.6-102004-12-14
0.6-92004-10-06
0.6-72004-09-15
0.6-62004-09-14
0.6-52004-09-06
0.6-42004-07-10
0.6-32004-07-07
0.6-22004-06-08
0.6-12004-06-02
0.5-22004-04-12
0.4-72004-01-28
0.4-42003-10-15
0.4-32003-10-01
0.3-72003-09-02
0.3-62003-08-28
0.3-42003-08-12
0.3-52003-08-12
0.3-32003-07-23
0.3-22003-07-21
0.3-12003-07-18
0.2-42003-07-15
0.2-32003-07-04
0.2-22003-07-01
0.2-12003-06-25